1. When the subject is a clause
- When the subject is a clause, the sentence usually begins with it. So instead of saying ‘That he was once a communist is true’, we say, ‘It is true that he was once a communist’.
- It does not matter whether he comes or not. (Whether he comes or not does not matter.)
- It is required that he should pay the fine. (That he should pay the fine is required.)
- It is clear that he overheard our conversation. (That he overheard our conversation is clear.)
- It is clear that you are not interested in this offer. (That you are not interested in the offer is clear.)
- It cannot be denied that they tried their best to help him. (That they tried their best to help him cannot be denied. )
- It doesn’t matter whether we buy it now or later. (Whether we buy it now or later does not matter. )
2. Introductory it with seem, appear and look
- Introductory it is also used with seem, appear and look when the subject is an infinitive phrase, a phrase with a gerund in it or a clause.
- It looked doubtful whether she would come
- It seemed strange that she should behave like that.
- It seems possible that she may quit the job.
- It appeared unwise to offend him.
- It does not seem much good going on with the work.
3. Introductory it as an object
- It is sometimes used as the object of the verbs think, feel, deem, count, consider etc.
- Don’t you think it dangerous to drive so carelessly?
- I consider it a privilege to have this opportunity of welcoming you.
- I think it odd that she doesn’t write to me these days.
- I think it a pity that she could not win.
- We think it improper that he should be so dictatorial.
- He made it clear what he wanted.
- I find it difficult to talk to him.
4. Introductory it in questions
- The introductory it is sometimes used in questions.
- Who was it that broke the window?
- It is Peter who broke the window.
- Why was it that he stole the bread?
- It was because he was poor that he stole the bread.
- When was it that the manager came?
- It was at 10 am that the manager came.
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